Antibiotics, obesity and the link to microbes - what are we doing to our children?
نویسندگان
چکیده
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity and overweight are among the greatest health challenges in the pediatric population. Obese individuals exhibit marked differences in the composition of the intestinal microbial community as compared to lean subjects. These changes in the gut microbiota precede the clinical manifestation of overweight. Convincing experimental data suggest a causal role for intestinal microbes in the development of obesity and associated metabolic disorders. DISCUSSION Exposure to antibiotics exerts a devastating impact on the intestinal microbial community. Epidemiological studies have provided evidence indicating that early or repeated childhood exposure to antibiotics is associated with increased risk of overweight later in childhood but the causal role of this exposure in obesity development is not clear. However, data from studies conducted using experimental animal models indicate that antibiotic-induced changes in the gut microbiota influence host metabolism and lead to fat accumulation. The intestinal microbiota perturbation caused by antibiotic exposure in the perinatal period appears to program the host to an obesity-prone metabolic phenotype, which persists after the antibiotics have been discontinued and the gut microbiota has recovered. These observations may have serious implications in the clinical setting, since a substantial number of human infants are subjected to antibiotic treatment through the mother during delivery or directly in the immediate neonatal period. The clinical significance of these exposures remains unknown. Prudent use of antibiotics is paramount not only to reduce the propagation of antibiotic-resistant organisms but also to minimize the potentially detrimental long-term metabolic consequences of early antibiotic exposure. Improved means of reliably detecting neonates with bacterial infection would reduce the need for empirical antibiotic exposure initiated based on nonspecific symptoms and signs or risk factors. Finally, means to support healthy microbial contact in neonates and infants requiring antibiotic treatment are needed.
منابع مشابه
-
The development and evolution of any system–person, organization–nation depends on how the system succeeds to bridge the gap between what the system knows and what the system does (with the knowledge). We call this the gap between knowing and doing or the knowing-doing gap. If the system does not do what it knows, it will lose out in competition with other systems, its relative performance in...
متن کاملبررسی تاثیر درخواست بیماران بر تجویز آنتی بیوتیک ها توسط پزشکان در تبریز در سال 1393
Background: Antibiotics are type of antibacterial drugs which are used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infection. Overuse of antibiotics for treatments of infections is widespread and contributes to the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Antibiotic resistance is currently one of the most important concerns about antibiotics which is becoming a worldwide concern. It can inc...
متن کاملO5: Children Need Our Protection Poly Trauma in Children-What Makes the Difference
Children are not little adults. Children have a limited responsibility corresponding to their age. Germany experiences a steady decline of Road Traffic Injuries and Fatalities in children to 28 674 injured children under 15 years and to 71 fatal injured children in 2014. In the European :::::union::::: similar data are available, but with a major difference between the countries. An evaluation ...
متن کاملI-20: ART - Children How Are They Doing Lessons from Research
Worldwide there are over 4,000,000 ART conceived individuals. As fertility rates ‘fall’ in some countries use of ART is increasing with rates of 1.8% of live births in the UK, 4.4% in Denmark etc. Although still the single largest threat to future ART born children is being born twin, triplet or more, other research shows that there is good grounds for monitoring of the health of these children...
متن کاملSucrose, High Fructose Corn Syrup 55% and Fructose, Metabolism and Potential Health Effects: What Do We Really Know?
There are a lot of discussions and controversy about sucrose and other sweeteners regarding their metabolism and health effects. These concerns are often arising by speculation based on limited data or few studies on animals. Recent controversies have arisen following the publication of a commentary suggesting a possible link between high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) consumption and obesity. Sinc...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- BMC medicine
دوره 14 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2016